摘 要
本文对公共检测体系的概念进行了明确和界定，并运用公共产品理论分析得出：作为现行的公共检测体系重要支撑的政府检测机构，其提供的检验检测技术服务具有公共产品、准公共产品和私人产品三类特征。并通过对政府职能和公共检测性质的分析，得出政府建构公共检测体系的核心应放在为社会提供公共产品（包括准公共产品）特征的检测服务上。而对于具私人产品特征的包括进货验收等市场检测服务活动，不属于政府应提供的公共服务，应交由社会化的检测机构通过市场竞争提供。
通过对美国、欧盟和日本检测体系情况的分析，和国内上海、重庆、浙江等地整合检测资源，建设公共检测服务平台的实践的研究，验证了建设公共检测体系是国际国内的发展趋势。同时，其建设模式为四川省遂宁市建构公共检测体系提供了借鉴。
通过对四川省遂宁市的检测需求分析，并根据波特“钻石模型”，结合公共检测体系建设的基本要素，对四川省遂宁市的质监、农业、环保等政府部门所属的检测机构的检测能力、财政投入、设备状况、从业人员进行了分析。通过分析得出，遂宁市尚未形成完善的公共检测服务体系。因而要围绕遂宁市经济社会发展的“十二五”发展战略目标，建构层次清晰、特色鲜明、服务高效、保障有力的公共检测体系。
在遂宁市公共检测体系的建构中，本研究提供了三种模式的选择，三种模式都是围绕建设公共检测服务平台的思路，在确保公共检测的有效供给的基础上，尽可能地合理配置资源，避免公共财政资金的浪费。
关键词：
公共产品；检验检测；公共检测体系；建构
Abstract
In this paper, the concept of the public inspection system a clear and delimitation, and the use of theoretical analysis of public goods: as the current and important support for public inspection system of government testing organization. It provides technical inspection and testing services have public goods, quasi-pubic goods, and private goods three types of characteristics.
From the nature of government functions and the analysis of public detection bring to a conclusion that the government constructed the core of the public side of the body system should be placed on providing public good for society (including quasi-public goods)on the characteristics of the testing services. With private feature including inspection of merchandise purchases for approval and other market services, should be socialized testing organizations provided through market competition
。
It proved public detection system is the construction of domestic and international development trend through the analysis of the United States, the European Union and Japan detection system ,and the research on how to integration test resources, build the practice of public detection service platform in Shanghai,Chongqin,Zhejiang,etc.
Meanwhile, the construction model can provide reference for the design public detection system of SuiNing, Sichuan province.
After analyzing the inspection requirement, and testing institutions detection capacity, financial instruments, equipment status, employees of The SuiNing Quality Supervision, Agriculture, Environmental Protection and other government departments subordinate inspection institute according to potter’s "diamond model" theory, the author thinks there is some imperfection on public detection system of SuiNing.
So, it should construct levels clear and distinct characteristics, service efficiency, security powerful public testing system around the SuiNing economic and social development strategic objective of twelfth.
In the construction of SuiNing’s public detection system, this study provides a choice of three modes which around the building of public detection service platform of thought, and ensure public detection on the basis of the effective supply, rational allocation of resources as much as possible, avoid the waste of public funds.
Keywords
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Public goods
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Technical inspection and testing
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The concept of the public inspection system
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Construction
