摘 要
农业标准化是现代农业的发展方向。实施农业标准化，有利于变革传统农业生产方式和经营理念，保障农产品的质量和统一规格，提高农民收入与农业经济效益。目前，中国推行农业标准化最常见的方式是建设农业标准化示范区，农业标准化示范区在出产优质农产品、促进农业科技成果转化、推进农业产业化进程、提高农民素质与收入等方面发挥了巨大的作用。但在实际推行过程中，由于农民文化水平不高、专业技术人员力量薄弱、标准宣传和培训力度不够、农业龙头企业数量少、农产品品牌建设不力、农产品销售渠道不畅等多种原因，出现了农产品有产量无市场、优质不优价等一系列问题，严重制约了农业标准化示范区的进一步建设。随着中国加入WTO，国内农产品市场不断开发，国外农产品凭借其质量、安全、管理等方面的优势，加剧了我国农产品市场的竞争。
基于以上背景，为切实保护农民和消费者的利益，推进农业标准化示范区的建设，研究本文具有重要意义。
本文以湖北省鄂州市胡柚绿色食品标准化栽培示范区作为范例，对湖北省鄂州市胡柚绿色食品标准化栽培示范区实施的举措、取得的成效与存在的问题进行总结，通过以点带面的分析与研究，发掘出农业标准化示范区建设过程中普遍存在的问题及成因，并提出改进对策。本文采用了资料收集与分析研究相结合的研究方法，通过查阅国内外文献，研究了美、日、法等发达国家推行农业标准化的措施，总结出发达国家推行农业标准化方法的共性。通过实证调查胡柚绿色食品标准化栽培示范区，找准农业标准化示范区推行过程中普遍存在的问题，在对发达国家推行农业标准化的经验进行深层次研究的基础上，吸取可以借鉴的发展策略，提出促进我国农业标准化示范区建设的对策建议。
研究本文对提高我国农业标准化示范区建设水平，发挥农业标准化示范区的辐射和带动作用，增强农业标准化示范区的经济效益与社会效益，促进农民增收与农业增效具有一定的启发意义。
关键词：
农业标准化示范区，标准化，农产品，完善
Abstract
The agriculture standardization is the development direction of modern agriculture. Putting agriculture standardization into practice will benefit the traditional agriculture and operation revolution, keeping the quality of agriculture food and uniform specification, increasing peasants’ earning and agricultural economy efficiency. Currently, the most common way to carrying agriculture standardization is constructing pilot area, which plays important role in producing high quality products, promoting transformation of agriculture science and technology achievement, advancing the process of agriculture industrialization, and increasing peasants’ quality and earning. However, a series of problems come immediately such as quality products without market and high quality with high price resulting from low education level of peasants, weak academic knowledge of professionals, insufficient advertisement and training, seldom leading enterprises, lacking brand building and sluggish sale channels. All of the above restrict the further development process of agriculture standardization. Along with China gaining membership of WTO, the domestic agriculture market is increasing broaden. Nevertheless, the international rivalry taking advantages of high quality of security and management to make the competition fierce in China. With the background, it is meaningful to make research on promoting the construction of pilot area to protect the right of peasants and customers.
This article takes the example of standardized grapefruit planting as pilot area in Ezhou of Hubei province and makes a conclusion focusing on the strategy this area adopted, the achievement it made and the existing problems. It aims to explore the common problems and it causes by experience gained from pilot area, then give suggestions based on them. To summarize the generality of the methods of practicing agriculture standardization in developed countries, this article combines the methods of data collecting and analytical investigation by consulting domestic and international documents to study the strategies of USA,Japan and French and other advanced countries. By doing the field research of pilot area in Ezhou,the common existing problems can be found accurately. Based on the research and experience from developed countries, the useful development strategies can be learned to bringing up suggestion to promote works of pilot area.
It is instructive and meaningful to make research on this article on the following aspects: promoting the construction level of pilot areas with agriculture standardization; playing diffusive and positive role of pilot area; increasing the economic benefit and social benefit of pilot area; accelerating peasant’s earning and agriculture efficiency.
Key words:
Agricultural standardization
，
pilot area
，
agricultural products
，
improve.
